JCAM ensures that all research involving human participants, animals, or sensitive clinical information adheres to international standards of ethical conduct.

1. Human Subjects Research

Authors must provide:

• Institutional Ethics Committee approval (name + approval number)
• Statement confirming adherence to the Declaration of Helsinki
• Informed consent from all participants

Case reports, clinical images, and identifiable patient information must include written patient consent before publication.

2. Animal Research

Studies involving animals must:

• Follow institutional and national ethical guidelines
• Provide approval from an Animal Ethics Committee
• Include a statement confirming humane treatment and welfare compliance

Manuscripts lacking proper ethics approval will be rejected.

3. Clinical Trials

• Clinical trials must include trial registration details (e.g., ClinicalTrials.gov).
• Unregistered clinical trials may not be considered.

4. Consent for Publication

Required when:

• Publishing identifiable patient information
• Using clinical photos, scans, or sensitive data
• Reporting case studies

Consent forms must be obtained prior to submission and available upon request.